Gas burner including gas and air mixing apparatus



P. D. COX ETAL V GAS BURNER INCLUDING GAS AND AIR MIXING APPARATUS Q Oct, 13,1964.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 31. 1960 I INVIENTORS PAuLD. (0X WI&IA'M A. (0%, A r RHE? Oct. 13, 1 P. D. cox ETAL GAS BURNER INCLUDING GAS. AND AIR MIXING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 31, 1960 FIG. 5

FIG. 10

INVENTORS PAUL. D. (0X WILLIAM A. (0X

ATTORNEY .mixtures so obtained is rendered inefficient. thereof is impairment, and at times, failure of combustion.

United States Patent "ice 3,152,635 GA BURNER INCLUDING GAS AND AIR TVHXG APPTUS Paul D. Cox and William A. Cox, Ridgevilie, Ind. Filed Got. 31, 196i), Ser. No. 66,145

Claims. ((33. 158-169) This invention relates to improvements in power gas burners. By the term power gas burner being meant a gas and air mixing apparatus consisting generally of a casing and a delivery duct leading therefrom, into which said casing a regulated supply of gas is propelled and a regulated quantity of air is admitted, and in which said casing and duct a current is set up as by a fan wheel, the said gas and air being mingled by interpenetration to constitute a combustible mixture.

. In the operating of a furnace to which such apparatus is applied, it has been ascertained in practice, that by reason of occurrence and reoccurrence in the combustion chamber of forces such as pressures and draughts, the Resultant To afford a complete combustible mixture and to enable modification of the consistency thereof to compensate for effects produced by abnormal conditions existent in the combustion chamber, the object of our invention is to provide means whereby to apply directly to, and to admix with, the issuing gas stream, an adjusted quantity of air taken from the prime content of the fan current, thereby obtaining an air-gas blend; and whereby to enable said blend to become merged with the secondary air content of said current.

The new construction, combination and arrangement of parts we have designed for accomplishing said broadly stated object, and also other and specific aims which have to do with structural features leading to economy of manufacture, facility of installation and use, and to efficiency and durability, is described in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

It will be understood that modifications may be made in details of construction, form and arrangement of parts, within the scope of the invention as it is defined in the claims, without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

In the drawings FIG. 1 is an elevational front view illustrative of apparatus of the type to which our invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a side view in the direction of arrow 2 in FIG. 1, in this view a portion of the casing wall being 7 broken away.

FIG. 3 is a rear view in the direction of arrow 3 1n FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view on broken line 44 in the direction of arrow 4 in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a top plan view in the direction of arrow in. FIG. 4, a portion of the casing broken away and the delivery duct shown in cross section.

FIG. 6 is an end view in the direction of arrow 6 in FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 is a cross section at broken line 77 in the direction of arrow 7 in FIG. 4.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross section at broken line 8-8 l in the direction of arrow 8 in FIG. 4.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross section at broken line 9-9 in the direction of arrow 9 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the jagged insert indicated in FIG. 6.

FIG. 11 is a diagram view of metal strip of which said jagged insert is made.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view indicating the appearance of said strip, after the jags thereof will have been turned at an angle and before the strip has been curled.

3,152,635 Patented Oct. 13, 1964 .by valve 30. Delivery duct 31 is secured at its rearward end to said casing and in direct communication with the said air outlet 25 as by ring 35 and cap screws 36.

Our invention is contained in the new construction, combination and arrangement of parts described as follows;

A fuel conduit hereafter denoted tube 38 is of length to extend from a point spaced rearwardly from the front end of said duct 31 to a predetermined point inside the said casing. Embodied with said tube at its rear end is a T 42 adapted to receive connection of input pipe 29. Secured to the inner end of said T is nozzle 44 with orifice 46. Closing the outer end of said T is plug 4.7 removal of which, when necessary, enables access to said nozzle.

Provided in the underside of said tube 38 at a location therein, in advance of the said nozzle, is an opening 52. A gate 54 for said opening consists of a sleeve slidable on said tube between an advanced position and a retracted position, whereby the area of said opening may be modified.

Embodied with said T, see FIG. 9, is a bracket, an arm 49 of which is provided with a hole 50. A reach rod 56 of predetermined length extends from said gate and on its threaded end portion is screwed a cylindrical stub bearing 58 having flange 59. This bearing is journaled in said hole 56 of said bracket. 7

A wrist 62 fastened to said stub bearing 58 as by a set screw 61 bears at its inner end against the outer face of the arm 49 of said bracket. Upon turning the wrist clockwise the gate is moved to right (toward the T) toward the normal position wherein the inlet opening 52 is say, one third open. Turning the wrist counterclockwise causes the gate to move to the left. Obviously the user is thus enabled to readily adjust the gate to .any one of varied positions, limiting the area of said opening to the degree desired. The thumb nut 63 threaded on said reach rod when tightened against the wrist, holds said wrist against movement, and similarly the gate is held. At such time as gate adjustment is to be changed, the thumbnut is unscrewed whence the user is again free to operate the wrist in the manner as above described.

To render the fuel tube 38 internally and externally jagged at its forward end, for the purpose to be presently referred to, we provide a dentate insert. It is made of a resilient strip 64 as of sheet metal of predetermined width and length, a marginal portion of which, as in FIG. 11, is incised at points equally spaced, thereby forming segments which are then bent alternately right and left, each at substantially a right angle to the plane of the strip, as indicated in FIG. 12. The said strip is then curled to circular form having external circumference slightly greater than the internal circumference of the tube. Said insert when united with said tube, appears as in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, the segments then forming jags 66 and 67 projecting radially, alternately inwardly and outwardly from the mouth of said tube.

Embodied with said tube 38 at a point spaced predeterminately from its forward end, is circular fin 72. It is 1 diameter of said delivery duct. Said drum embodies at its rearward end, at a point spaced rearwardly of said outer flange 76, an inturned flange 78 the inside diameter of which is substantially the same as the external diameter of the said fin 72. The said drum surrounds said tube 38 at its forward portion. It is of such length with relation to the distance between the forward end of the tube and the said fin 72, that when the drum is in place, the internal flange 78 thereof is a short space to the rear of said fin 72, and the forward end of the drum is flush with the vertical plane of the forward end of said tube.

The said drum is spaced from said tube 38 by connections 70 and 71, and it is made fast to said tube as by cap screw 75. It is supported in position concentric with and spaced from the walls of said delivery duct, as by radial studs 74 which project from said drum, and which rest against the inner faces of the walls of the delivery duct, as indicated at FIG. 7. Outer flange 76 (see FIG. 4) functions to check the portion of the current which is immediately near the walls of the delivery duct 31. Inturned flange 78 functions to check the portion of the current which is immediately near the walls of the tube 38, and it forms a circular entryway 79 leading into the crescent shaped area bounded by the interior surface of the walls of the drum, and by the exterior surfaces of the walls of the tube 38. The numeral 80 denotes the narrower portion, and 81 denotes the wider portion of said area. Within said wider portion of said area, the pilot light 82, which is fed by gas therefor by a usual supply line not shown, is supported at a location closely adjacent to the forward end of tube 38. Flange 76 and flange 78 of said drum, while functioning to check the air current flow in the delivery duct 31, and also functioning to pass into the interior of the drum, the said flow, in such passing, is further so checked and deflected by the fin 72, that whileample measure of the current is utilized, there is avoidance of any disturbing turbulence in the zone of the locus of the pilotlight.

The construction, combination and arrangement described, secured in operative position .as by cap screws 83 and bracket 49 and casing 21, appears as in FIG. 5 and FIG. 8, the tube 38 being supported at its forward portion within the drum 73 by cap screw 75, said drum being supported within the delivery duct 31 by the studs 74, and the opening 52 of said tube being in position near to and facing the periphery of the fan wheel.

Installation The apparatus is so positioned with relation to the furnace that the delivery duct is in suitable conventional connection with the furnace combustion chamber. Gas supply line is connected to pipe 29.

Directions for and Manner 0] Use By manipulating wrist device 62-63, move gate 54 to and set at approximately two thirds open position.

Turn on and ignite pilot light 82.

Open damper 38 to degree, to admit approximately the quantity of air to establish flame.

Open gas valve 30 to degree to admit approximately the feed amount of gas as proportioned, by conventional known means not shown, for desired ratio of gas and air.

Start motor actuating fan wheel and setting up current.

In the operation of apparatus containing our invention, the prime portion (so denoted because of its being composed of the fresh air received through the inlet 24 of the casing) of the current produced immediately at the vanes of the fan wheel moves at tip speed. In the forceful drive of said prime air through opening 52 into and through the tube 38, said prime air so driven, and the gas stream issuing at pressure from the nozzle orifice 46, so propelled and agitated, as they are, become interpenetrated and commingled into a mixed air and gas content which, in its impinging on the jags 66 of the tube, is riven.

Concurrently with the above, the secondary portion (so denoted because of its being composed of the air in the zone more remote from the vane portion of the fan wheel) of the current, deflected by the flanges 76 and 78, and moving through the annular entryway 79 thence deflected by fin 72 and thence moving through the area 80-81 of the drum will, in its impingement on the external jags 67 of said tube 38, have been riven. In the zone immediately in the frontal portion of the delivery conduit occurs the intimate commingling of the riven and dispersed gas and air content of the tube, and of the riven and dispersed secondary air content of the said drum.

The mixture so produced and conditioned is of consistency immediately combustible. By reason of minimum turbulence in the portion 81 of the drum area, and the existence of eddies (areas of low pressure) aft the jags 66 and 67 wherein, suspensively, are particles of gas and of secondary air affording combustion for the beginning and retention of flame and a combustion in the furnace chamber of completeness to resist unfavourable conditions.

The user, in observing the flame, adjusts the gate to the position at which the flame reaches the peak desired. That is to say, the status wherein its color indicates true fuel combustion. Then sets the gate. The mixture now as it passes from the apparatus is of such condition and consistency that combustion in the furnace chamber is constant and dependable. So long as the chamber conditions to which the opening 52 of the fuel tube has been varied, continued to be normal, no further adjustment is needed.

Upon occurrence of conditions which cause disturbed combustion, as evidenced by noise and vibration in the furnace chambe the user can by manipulating wrist 62 modify the size of opening 52 to such an extent that the flame color indicates satisfactory combustion.

What we claim as our invention is:

1. In a gas and air mixing apparatus having a casing adapted and arranged to receive air at substantially atmospheric pressure, a fan in said casing, a damper for regulation of air to said casing, a delivery duct leading from said casing, a pipe for supply of gas to the casing, a valve for regulating the supply from said pipe, the improvement comprising a tube supported longitudinally within and eccentric to said duct and extending from a point in said casing adjacent the peripheral portion of said fan to a point spaced inwardly from the forward end of said duct, said tube having at a point spaced rearwardly from the front end thereof a circular external fin eccentric to the longtitudinal axis of said tube, said tube having at its rear end a fitting adapted to be connected with said pipe, a nozzle on said fitting directed into said tube, said tube being provided in a side thereof that faces toward said fan and at a location therein in advance of said nozzle with an opening through which to receive into said tube fan-driven prime content of the current produced by the fan, a gate at said opening slidable longitudinally on said tube between an advance position and a retracted position, means manually operable to move said gate to and set it at any point adjusted intermediate said positions to modify the area of said opening, alternately arranged externally and internally projecting jags at the forward end of said tube, an a partition consisting of a cylinder located in the forward portion of said duct and with its longitudinal axis eccentric to and below the longtiudinal axis of the tube, an external circular flange adjacent the rear end of said cylinder and to the rear of the vertical plane of the external fin of said tube and having an outside diameter less than the internal diameter of said duct, an inturned flange adjacent the rear end of said cylinder at a vertical plane to the rear of the vertical plane of said fin, the internal diameter of said inturned flange being substantially the same as the external diameter of said fin, said inturned flange constituting a deflector and also providing annular entryway through which to conduct the secondary content of the current produced by the fan.

2. In a gas and air mixing apparatus having a casing adapted and arranged to receive air, a damper for regulating admission of air to the casing, a delivery duct leading from the casing, a pipe to supply gas to the casing, a valve for regulating the supply from said pipe, and a fan in said casing, in combination, a tube supported with its longitudinal axis parallel with but in a plane above the longitudinal axis of the duct, said tube extending from a point spaced from the front end of said duct to a point in said casing closely adjacent to the said fan, said tube embodying at a point a predetermined distance from its front end a circular external fin eccentric to the longitudinal axis of said tube, a bracket at the rear portion of said tube adapted for connection to said casing, a pipe fitting adapted for connection to said gas supply pipe, a gas input nozzle on said fitting directed into said tube, said tube being provided in the side thereof that faces toward said fan with an opening located at a point forward of said nozzle and through which said opening may be received into said tube the input of prime air content of the current produced by the fan, a gate at said opening movable between an advanced position and a retracted position, means manually operable to move said gate to and set it at a point to limit the area of said opening, a cylindrical insert forming an extension of said tube and having succesively arranged jags projecting radially alternately inwardly and outwardly from its outer end, and a partitioning means arranged between the forward portion of said tube and the forward portion of said delivery duct to check and to deflect that portion of the current entering said duct, said partitioning means including a drum supported by said tube concentric with said duct, said drum being open at its forward end, an external flange and an inturned flange adjacent the rear end of said drum, the outside diameter of said external flange being slightly less than the internal diameter of the delivery duct, said inturned flange being spaced rearwardly from said fin and having an internal diameter substantially the same as the outside diameter of said fin.

3. In a power gas burner apparatus of the kind described having a casing adapted and arranged to receive air, a damper for regulating the admission of air to the casing, a delivery duct leading from the casing, a pipe to supply gas to the casing, a valve for regulating the supply from said pipe, and a fan in said casing, in combination, a tube supported longitudinally in said duct, the axis of said tube being above and eccentric to the longitudinal axis of said duct, said tube extending from a point spaced from the forward end of said duct to a point in said casing above and in close adjacency to the said fan, said tube having a bracket adapted for connection to said casing, a pipe fitting interconnecting said pipe and said tube, a gas input nozzle on said fitting directed into said tube, said tube being provided in the side thereof and faces said fan with an opening located at a point forward of said nozzle, a gate at said opening, means manually operable from outside the casing to move said gate to and set it at a point to limit the area of said opening, a drum surrounding the forward portion of said tube in position concentric with said delivery duct, an external flange and an inturned flange adjacent the rearward portion of said drum, said tube having at a location thereon forwardly of and near the vertical plane of said inturned flange a circular external eccentric fin of outside diameter 6 substantially the same as the inside diameter of said inturned flange, and a circular insert forming an extension of said tube at its discharged end and embodying successively arranged radial transverse jags projecting alternately inwardly and outwardly.

4. In a fuel gas burner, in combination, a casing constituting an air chamber and having a tubular delivery duct, means for supplying air under pressure to said chamber, a gas and air mixing tube having an air inlet opening from said chamber, a gas supply nozzle directed into said tube, said tube being supported longitudinally in said duct and having its longitudinal axis arranged above the axis of said duct, said tube extending from a point spaced from the discharge end of said duct to a point within said chamber, said tube embodying at a point a predetermined distance from its front end a circular external fin eccentric to the longtitudinal axis of said tube, a gate at the inlet opening of said tube, means operable to move the gate and set it at a point to limit the area of said opening, an annular member fastened to said tube at its discharge end and embodying successively arranged radial jags projecting alternately inwardly and outwardly, and a drum open at its discharge end, said drum surrounding said fin and said jags in the forward portion of said tube, said drum including means for forming a check and deflector of the secondary air content of said duct and for providing a circular entryway rearwardly of and of a diameter substantially the same as that of said fin, said entryway being eccentric to the axis of said tube and through which said entryway the said secondary air content is passed into the interior of said drum.

5. In a fuel gas burner, in combination, a casing defining an air chamber, means for supplying air under pressure to said chamber, a tubular delivery duct having a discharge end and an inlet end connected to said casing and communicating with said chamber for receiving secondary air flow therefrom, a gas and air mixing tube supported longitudinally in said duct, said tube having discharge and inlet ends and extending from a point spaced inwardly from the discharge end of said duct to a point within said chamber, said tube having an air inlet opening adjacent its inlet end communicating with said chamber for receiving primary air flow therefrom, a gas supply nozzle directed into said inlet end of said tube, a movable gate at said inlet opening of said tube for selectively varying the area thereof, said tube having successively arranged radial jags at its discharge end projecting alternately inwardly and outwardly, and a drum supported longitudinally in said duct and spaced therefrom, said drum surrounding and being spaced from the forward portion of said tube and said jags, said drum and the portion of said tube within said drum including means for checking and deflecting the secondary air flow which enters said drum.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,990,695 Jerome Feb. 12, 1935 2,263,170 Haedike Nov. 18, 1941 2,269,333 Bloom Jan. 6, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,202,797 France July 20, 1959 

1. IN A GAS AND AIR MIXING APPARATUS HAVING A CASING ADAPTED AND ARRANGED TO RECEIVE AIR AT SUBSTANTIALLY ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, A FAN IN SAID CASING, A DAMPER FOR REGULATION OF AIR TO SAID CASING, A DELIVERY DUCT LEADING FROM SAID CASING, A PIPE FOR SUPPLY OF GAS TO THE CASING, A VALVE FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY FROM SAID PIPE, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING A TUBE SUPPORTED LONGITUDINALLY WITHIN AND ECCENTRIC TO SAID DUCT AND EXTENDING FROM A POINT IN SAID CASING ADJACENT THE PERIPHERAL PORTION OF SAID FAN TO A POINT SPACED INWARDLY FROM THE FORWARD END OF SAID DUCT, SAID TUBE HAVING A POINT SPACED REARWARDLY FROM THE FRONT END THEREOF A CIRCULAR EXTERNAL FIN ECCENTRIC TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID TUBE, SAID TUBE HAVING AT ITS REAR END A FITTING ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED WITH SAID PIPE, A NOZZLE ON SAID FITTING DIRECTED INTO SAID TUBE, SAID TUBE BEING PROVIDED IN A SIDE THEREOF THAT FACES TOWARD SAID FAN AND AT A LOCATION THEREIN IN ADVANCE OF SAID NOZZLE WITH AN OPENING THROUGH WHICH TO RECEIVE INTO SAID TUBE FAN-DRIVEN PRIME CONTENT OF THE CURRENT PRODUCED BY THE FAN, A GATE AT SAID OPENING SLIDABLE LONGITUDINALLY ON SAID TUBE BETWEEN AN ADVANCE POSITION AND A RETRACTED POSITION, MEANS MANUALLY OPERABLE TO MOVE SAID GATE TO AND SET IT AT ANY POINT ADJUSTED INTERMEDIATE SAID POSITIONS TO MODIFY THE AREA OF SAID OPENING, ALTERNATELY ARRANGED EXTERNALLY AND INTERNALLY PROJECTING JAGS AT THE FORWARD END OF SAID TUBE, AND A PARTITION CONSISTING OF A CYLINDER LOCATED IN THE FORWARD PORTION OF SAID DUCT AND WITH ITS LONGITUDINAL AXIS ECCENTRIC TO AND BELOW THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF THE TUBE, AN EXTERNAL CIRCULAR FLANGE ADJACENT THE REAR END OF SAID CYLINDER AND TO THE REAR OF THE VERTICAL PLANE OF THE EXTERNAL FIN OF SAID TUBE AND HAVING AN OUTSIDE DIAMETER LESS THAN THE INTERNAL DIAMETER OF SAID DUCT, AN INTURNED FLANGE ADJACENT THE REAR END OF SAID CYLINDER AT A VERTICAL PLANE TO THE REAR OF THE VERTICAL PLANE OF SAID FIN, THE INTERNAL DIAMETER OF SAID INTURNED FLANGE BEING SUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME AS THE EXTERNAL DIAMETER OF SAID FIN, SAID INTURNED FLANGE CONSTITUTING A DEFLECTOR AND ALSO PROVIDING ANNULAR ENTRYWAY THROUGH WHICH TO CONDUCT THE SECONDARY CONTENT OF THE CURRENT PRODUCED BY THE FAN. 